Mamluk and Ottoman Period

Mamluk and Ottoman Period. When did the Mamluks and Ottomans Rule Egypt? When the Mamluks established power in 1250AD the number of Islamic Caliphates that had ruled Egypt from the 7th Century came to an end, initiating a Sultanate in Egypt which lasted until they succumbed to be under Ottoman control in 1518. Despite Egypt becoming part of the Ottoman Empire the Mamluks stayed in power to govern Egypt until the 19th Century when Muhammed Ali surfaced to set up a hereditary Dynasty.All through their centuries in power the Mamluk Sultans supervised the greatest heights of Egyptian control in the Middle Ages. Who were the Mamluks? And how were their rule in Egypt.? Throughout the Ayyubid Caliphate the Mamluks formed the stability of the Egyptian Military. Being Soldiers that had been enrolled from areas in the Balkans and the Caucasus and made to become slave soldiers. Their training was meant to accentuate strong allegiance to the sultan and the Mamluk system, which deemed them a special ranking as Lords above that of civilian Egyptians. Initiating themselves in Cairo the Bahri Mamluks supervised one of the considerable periods of prosperity in Egypt after Ancient times. Still among the most impressive structures in Cairo, Grand Mamluk Mausaleums like the Qala ‘ un Complex on Mu’ize Ad-Din Street in Islamic Cairo are still among the more impressive constructions in Cairo. The Bahris however carried on to use the Mamluks as an important section of their Military and were themselves brought down by the Burji in 1382. The competition between the different sections of Mamluks became a failing of the Mamluk Sultinate with swinging loyalties which affected the steadiness of the Country, How did the Ottomans take over Egypt? The Sultan Selim I of the Ottoman Empire in 1517 exploited the progressively weak grip on [pwer that the Mamluks had over Egypt. Holding an advantage in organization and technology the Ottoman Army conquered the Mamluks and prolonged the authority of the Ottoman Empire over Egypt. In spite of their loss the Mamluks were kept on by the Ottoman Sultan as a ruler in Egypt. In spite of keeping their privileged position in Egypt the Mamluks were not satisfied in their new position as vassals of the Grand Porte in Constantonople. Being unsuccessful many times in trying to regain independence from the Ottoman Rule in between 1517 and 1798.